ABSTRACT
This study investigated the infectivity of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) in individuals who re-tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA after recovering from their primary illness. We investigated 295 individuals with re-positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results and 836 of their close contacts. We attempted virus isolation in individuals with re-positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results using cell culture and confirmed the presence of neutralizing antibodies using serological tests. Viral culture was negative in all 108 individuals with re-positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results in whom viral culture was performed. Three new cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified among household contacts using PCR. Two of the three new cases had had contact with the index patient during their primary illness, and all three had antibody evidence of past infection. Thus, there was no laboratory evidence of viral shedding and no epidemiological evidence of transmission among individuals with re-positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood , Antibodies, Viral/blood , COVID-19/immunology , Reinfection/virology , SARS-CoV-2/immunology , Virus Shedding/physiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , COVID-19/diagnosis , COVID-19/transmission , COVID-19 Serological Testing , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Reinfection/immunology , Republic of Korea , Retrospective Studies , SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification , Severity of Illness Index , Young AdultABSTRACT
The South Korea mass vaccination programme administered 3.8 million doses of COVID-19 vaccinations between 26 February and 30 April 2021. After 173 suspected anaphylaxis reports to the nationwide monitoring system for adverse events following immunisation, 44 anaphylaxis cases were confirmed using Brighton Collaboration case definitions. The rates per million doses were 18.2 cases and 6.2 cases for Vaxzevria and Comirnaty, respectively. Median time of onset was 14 min after vaccination and most cases had recovered at the time of review.
Subject(s)
Anaphylaxis , COVID-19 , Anaphylaxis/chemically induced , Anaphylaxis/diagnosis , Anaphylaxis/epidemiology , Humans , Mass Vaccination , Republic of Korea/epidemiology , SARS-CoV-2 , Vaccination/adverse effectsABSTRACT
We analyzed reports for 59,073 contacts of 5,706 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) index patients reported in South Korea during January 20-March 27, 2020. Of 10,592 household contacts, 11.8% had COVID-19. Of 48,481 nonhousehold contacts, 1.9% had COVID-19. Use of personal protective measures and social distancing reduces the likelihood of transmission.